A woman’s way out: Can desistance evidence inform and improve contemporary rehabilitation strategies for female offenders?

Abstract

A growing body of research has been amassed focusing on the concept of desistance from crime and recidivism. However, the majority of these studies have been carried out from predominantly male perspectives and experiences of crime. This study argues that evidence gained from female desistance research could incite a reconsideration of rehabilitation principles and strategies for dealing with female offenders. Drawing from empirical research studies and an exploration of literature surrounding female desistance and offender treatment programmes, this study examines how desistance is a distinctive process for women and is consequently worthy of an individual, gender-focused approach. Specifically, the study suggests a nuanced analysis of female routes to crime, the motivations and techniques used to aid desistance, the difficulties faced upon reintegration and a summary of the most effective treatment programmes to prevent recidivism and support reform. In particular, the study highlights the need for a gender-specific approach to dealing with women, the importance of a speculative understanding of women’s re-entry and the implications this data can have for correctional practices and principles. In the conclusion, further research is suggested on the processes of desistance for women and the application of mentoring schemes in place of previous forms of correctional intervention. It is suggested therefore that the most effective means of treatment for women should be formulated in parallel with the underlying principles of a desistance approach.